Horse Stall Cleaning Automatic Sifter Manual Manure Sifter

Equine professionals know that clean stalls are healthy stalls. Orderly appearance, safe, healthy environment and professional management are key factors in attracting and keeping clients and reliable staff.

Reasons for Daily Cleaning

Equine Health

The primary reason for stall cleaning is to create a healthy environment for the horse. Poorly maintained dirty stalls are home to numerous pathogens that cause infection and disease. Wet bedding is a primary cause of thrush, a hoof disease.

Odor and Ammonia

Some odors are simply noxious, short-lived, and not harmful but they do attract flies that cause health problems. A strong ammonia smell signals danger! If you can smell ammonia there is urine-saturated bedding in the stall. Ammonia gas causes respiratory problems by forming ammonium hydroxide, a caustic base, in the lungs and bronchial tubes when it comes in contact with moisture on the tissues that line them. Daily removal of urine-saturated bedding is necessary to maintain peak respiratory function.

Flies and insects

It is easier to prevent fly breeding than to control adult flies. Eliminating the habitat required by the larvae to hatch and grow significantly reduces fly populations. Because flies deposit eggs in moist manure, eliminating moist manure is a good reduction strategy. Eggs can hatch in as little as 7 days under optimal temperature and moisture conditions. Fly breeding season starts when spring temperatures get above 65F and ends at the first killing frost

Dust

Stalls that are dusty can cause allergy and respiratory problems. As bedding ages and is trod on it breaks down. Bagged shavings have moisture content of about 10% while green sawdust bedding from a rough-cut log mill or a pallet mill is 15% or more. Dust can be kept to a minimum by misting a stall with water or by spraying the bedding with a safe mineral oil such as Arena Rx. Stripping and re-bedding a stall should be done before it reaches a stage where you have to wear a dust mask to clean it.

Bedding

The primary purpose of bedding is absorption of urine so choose a bedding type with high absorption characteristics. Bedding should be about 3 inches deep if it is spread over solid rubber mats or 4 inches if it is spread over packed clay or crushed limestone floors. Rubber mats provide a measure of padding and insulation and are impermeable to urine, which is absorbed by the bedding. I repeat, the wet spot must be removed daily.

Table 1. Approximate water absorption of
Common bedding materials

lbs of water
Absorbed Per lb
of bedding.

Dry Stall aggrigate               0.35lb
Hardwood Sawdust*             1.5 lb
Pine shavings                        2.0 lb
Pine sawdust                         2.5 lb
Wood pellets                         3    lb
Peat Moss                             3.5 lb

*Walnut shavings cause laminitis so all hard-wood shavings should be avoided unless there is a 100% guarantee that no walnut is in the mix..

Methods of Stall Cleaning

The best stall cleaning method can be defined as the method producing the healthiest most aesthetically pleasing stall for the lowest cost in the shortest time.

Manual Method

This method has been the common method of stall cleaning for many years and if done well by an experienced worker produces an acceptably clean stall. Stalls are picked daily with a plastic or metal manure fork. Manure is thrown into a muck bucket or wheelbarrow.

Standard manure forks have 18 tines spaced about 3/4 inches apart allowing manure particles smaller than 3/4 inch to fall through with the used bedding. Approximately 20% of the manure is left behind. Newer forks with 30 tines spaced about 3/8 of an inch apart are an improvement but still allow about 15% of the manure to remain.

Hand picking is tedious and time consuming. Average time to clean a stall is 15 to 20 minutes if done well. The manual method takes its toll on the body and can cause tennis elbow, carpal tunnel syndrome and chronic back pain.

Picking is arbitrary and in order to save time or avoid pain, the cleaner often throws good bedding away with waste. Time can be saved at the expense of bedding or bedding can be saved at the expense of time. Neither case makes good business sense in the long run. Additionally, the waste stream can be doubled by the inclusion of bedding that could have been recycled using the automatic method, discussed below.

Automatic Sifting

Automatic sifting is an efficient and economical stall cleaning method with an almost perfect end result. The Brockwood Stall Shi*fter was developed in 1997 by Harry Hopkins, a retired field engineer in Indiana. The Stall Shi*fter is an electrically operated manure and bedding sifter that removes every piece of manure larger than a kernel of corn. It was designed for use with fine shavings, peat moss, sawdust and the wood pellet bedding. The Stall Shi*fter addresses the entire list of stall cleaning issues:

Its use reduces cleaning time by up to 65%.

Bedding usage is dramatically reduced, up to 50%. The only bedding thrown away is the urine soaked bedding.

All manure larger than a kernel of corn is removed.

Use of the Stall Shi*fter converts physical movement from palms down labor of shaking a manure fork to palms up labor scooping with a shovel. Doctors tell us repetitive palms down motion causes and aggravates tennis elbow and carpal tunnel syndrome. Palms up movements significantly reduce the aggravation and soreness of elbows and wrists.

Cleaning a stall with an automatic sifter is a three-step process:

Preparation - Locate the urine soaked bedding and shovel it into muck bucket
Sifting - Turn the Shi*fter on and shovel the remaining contents of the stall onto the shaking screen.
Spreading - Roll the Shi*fter out and spread the pile of clean re-cycled bedding. Replenish with fresh bedding as needed.

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